Cut the whole chicken into pieces: breasts, thighs, legs, and wings. Pat each piece dry with paper towels.
In a large shallow bowl, whisk the buttermilk and the beaten egg until combined. Add the chicken pieces, submerge, and soak for 30 minutes.
Meanwhile, in a separate large bowl or shallow dish, combine the flour, salt, ground thyme, basil, oregano, celery salt, black pepper, dry mustard, paprika, garlic salt, ground ginger, ground white pepper, and optional MSG; mix thoroughly.
Set a wire rack on a baking sheet. Remove each chicken piece from the buttermilk, letting excess drip off, then dredge thoroughly in the seasoned flour, shaking off excess. Place breaded pieces on the wire rack and let rest for 15 minutes to set the coating.
Heat oil or shortening in a deep fryer to 350°F (or heat vegetable shortening in a Dutch oven and monitor with a thermometer to maintain 350°F).
Fry the chicken in 2–3 batches without overcrowding: cook breasts and thighs about 15–18 minutes each, and wings and legs about 12–13 minutes, maintaining the oil at 350°F.
Use a meat thermometer to ensure internal temperature reaches 165°F. Drain fried chicken on the wire rack set over the baking sheet.