Preheat the oven to 425°F (220°C) and line an 18x13-inch baking sheet with parchment paper.
In a small bowl, combine 1/2 cup granulated sugar and a pinch of salt; mix well.
Sprinkle about half of the sugar mixture onto a clean counter or work surface in roughly the same size as the pastry sheet.
Lay the puff pastry sheet on top of the sugar, then sprinkle the remaining sugar mixture evenly over the top of the pastry.
Use a rolling pin to gently roll the pastry once or twice to press the sugar into the dough and flatten it slightly.
From one long edge, tightly roll the pastry toward the center. Repeat from the opposite edge so both rolls meet in the middle.
Lightly press the two rolled sides together, wrap the roll tightly in plastic wrap, and chill in the freezer for 30 minutes or in the refrigerator for 1 hour.
Unwrap the chilled roll and use a sharp knife to cut into 1/2-inch (about 1.25 cm) slices; place slices cut-side down on the prepared baking sheet at least 2 inches (5 cm) apart.
Bake for 10–12 minutes until the bottoms and edges are golden, then carefully flip each palmier with a metal spatula and bake another 4–6 minutes until evenly golden and caramelized.
Transfer palmiers to a cooling rack and cool completely before serving.