Line an 8x8-inch pan with parchment paper or foil and set aside.
Place a heavy-bottomed saucepan over medium heat and add the butter, 1 cup creamy peanut butter, and 1/2 cup Reese's peanut butter chips; stir constantly until fully melted and smooth.
Reduce the heat to low, then stir in 1 tablespoon vanilla extract.
With a spatula, gradually stir in the sifted powdered sugar (3 1/2 cups) and 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt while still over low heat; keep mixing until completely smooth. If lumps remain, vigorously whisk and press the mixture against the pan bottom to smooth.
Stir in 1/4 cup marshmallow creme until fully incorporated and the mixture is uniform.
Spread the fudge evenly into the prepared pan using a spatula.
Chill in the refrigerator for 1 1/2 to 2 hours until firm, then lift the fudge from the pan using the parchment and cut into 64 small squares (8 cuts each direction) on a cutting board.