Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C) and line 32 muffin cups with paper liners; set aside.
In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, 3/4 cup cocoa powder, baking powder, baking soda, and 1/2 teaspoon salt until evenly combined; set aside.
In a liquid measuring cup, stir together the buttermilk, 1 teaspoon vanilla extract, and 1 teaspoon instant coffee granules (if using); set aside.
In a separate large bowl, combine the 3/4 cup oil and 2 cups granulated sugar until mixed, then beat in the 2 eggs and 1 egg white one at a time until the mixture is lighter in color, about 90 seconds.
Alternate adding the dry flour mixture and the buttermilk mixture to the oil-sugar-egg mixture, beginning and ending with the dry ingredients; scrape the bowl and mix until the batter is smooth and uniform.
Using an ice cream scoop or large spoon, fill each lined muffin cup about half to two-thirds full with batter.
Bake on the lower two-thirds of the oven for 15–22 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs.
Let cupcakes cool in the pans for 5–10 minutes, then transfer to a cooling rack and cool completely before frosting.
For the frosting, place 1 cup softened butter, 1 pound powdered sugar, 1/2 cup cocoa powder, 1/2 teaspoon salt, and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract in a large bowl; start mixing on low to combine and break up the butter.
Slowly add 1/3 cup heavy cream while mixing; stop adding when the frosting begins to come together and becomes pipeable. Add more cream if too thick, or more powdered sugar if too thin.
Increase the mixer speed to medium and beat until smooth, scraping the sides and bottom of the bowl as needed. If many air bubbles form, use a large wooden spoon to fold out excess air by hand.
Pipe or spread the frosting onto fully cooled cupcakes and serve.