Heat a Dutch oven or tall-sided skillet over medium heat and add 1 tablespoon oil.
Add the minced shallot and sauté until fragrant and translucent, about 4 to 5 minutes.
Stir in the minced garlic and ginger and cook for 1 to 2 minutes more.
Add 2 tablespoons curry powder, the shredded carrots, and the golden raisins; stir to combine.
Pour in 1 1/2 cups low-sodium vegetable broth and 1 cup coconut milk. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat to a simmer, cover, and cook until the carrots are tender, about 10 minutes.
While the carrots simmer, heat 2 teaspoons oil in a small frying pan over medium-low heat. Fry the paneer cubes until golden on all sides, turning once, then transfer to a plate and set aside.
Carefully transfer the carrot mixture to a blender and puree until smooth (or use an immersion blender in the pot). Return the smooth sauce to the pot.
Add the shredded kale to the sauce in batches if needed and cook just until wilted but still slightly firm, stirring to combine.
Season the curry with salt to taste.
Divide cooked quinoa or rice among bowls, top with the kale carrot curry, pan-fried paneer, cilantro, and toasted coconut, and serve.